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Results 1 - 15 of 106 for "maize or corn"

Key:  MNC 10-3240 Actual Location:  National Museum of Cultures, Mexico City, Mexico (warehouse). Collection:  Fernando Sologuren #508 Registration:  10-3240 (number written on the piece). Provenance:  Mound 5, tomb A (on the roof of the structure), Xoxocotlán, Oaxaca (Sologuren's excavation 1886). Measurements:  tapa: 28 cm.; base: 19 cm. (47 cm. total) Color:  Grey clay; the two ears of corn in the headdress are painted in red. Chronology:  Xoo 600 - 800 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Seler's watercolor, 1888; Peñafiel 1893: 53; C.B. Waite, circa 1901, AGN, Mexico; Bauer's photo circa 1900, in König and Kröfges 2001: 131; Seler [1904]1960: 338, fig. 61 (black and white copy of the watercolor); Martínez Gracida 1910: plate 82 Comments:  According to Martínez Gracida, four of these pieces were found as "merlons" on the tomb's roof. The drawing presented is based on a photo published by Peñafiel (1893: 53). In their work "Urns of Oaxaca", Caso and Bernal (1952: 17, fig. 1) presented the lid with the wrong box. The matching box must be the piece on page 45, fig. 59, of the same work (MNA 6-791). It is worth mentioning that there is a box exhibited at the National Anthropology Museum, under catalog number 6-6956 (INAH 10-522684), which is identical to the box of a piece at the National Museum of Cultures and which must be part of this series of objects. Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress flanked by two ears of corn.

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Key:  MNA 6-6067 Actual Location:  National Anthropology Museum, Mexico City, Mexico (exhibited). Collection:  Guillermo Dupaix; Fausto de Elhúyar?; Sánchez and Mora (former Count of Peñasco). Registration:  138 (old number of Sánchez & Mora?) / 6-6067 / INAH 10-3292 Provenance:  Zaachila, Oaxaca. Measurements:  55 x 32 cm. Color:  Sandy stone, almost white. Traces of red pigment. Chronology:  Pitao 350 - 500 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Dupaix [1805-7]1978: plate 72; Drawing by Franck 1827: plate 14; Mayer 1844: 279; Easby & Scott 1970: fig. 158; Solis 1991: 161, fig. 237; López Austin 1995: 133, fig. 138. Comments:  This piece is made of stone. Guillermo Dupaix found the object in the cemetery, near the curacy of Zaachila, but few have reported this information. The card of the National Anthropology Museum, where the piece is exhibited, says that it comes from Tututepec, Oaxaca. Several authors and catalogs maintain that it comes from Monte Albán (cf. López Austin 1995: 133; Solis 1991: 161, fig. 237). Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress flanked by two ears of corn.

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Key:  MNA 6-2289 Actual Location:  National Anthropology Museum, Mexico City, Mexico. Registration:  6-2289; 6-2290; 6-2291; 6-2292; 6-2293; 6-2294 Provenance:  Tomb 40, No. 3, Monte Albán, Oaxaca. Measurements:  32 cm. Color:  Grey clay Chronology:  Xoo 600 - 800 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Caso and Bernal 1952: 92, fig. 152, a & b; Eubanks 1999: 106-108, fig. 84. Comments:  Five pieces like this one were found, all identical and as part of a series. Tomb 40 was excavated by Caso in the period PMA III (1933-1934) and in the date MA IIIB-IV. Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress flanked by two ears of corn.

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Key:  MNA 9-4878 Actual Location:  National Anthropology Museum, Mexico City, Mexico (exhibited). Registration:  9-78 Provenance:  Teotihuacan, South-East room of the Oaxacan zone (site 7 in grid N1W6). Measurements:  34 cm. Color:  Red paint, more intense in glyph and face. Decorated with green stone and shell. Chronology:  Pitao 350 - 500 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Millon 1967: 42-44. Comments:  Millon maintains that this vessel was linked to a ritual involving a hearth that was inside the room where the piece was found. Parts of the vessel were disseminated to the North and East of the room, but the piece's face was deliberately placed near the North wall, facing upwards and protected by a stone slab. Immediately after or during the ritual, the walls were torn down and loads of crushed tepetate, broken floor pieces and remains of walls ("bajareque") as well as other types of filling were thrown into the room (Millon 1967: 43). Glyphs:  Glyph 8 J (corn) in the headdress.

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Key:  MNA 6-6088 Actual Location:  National Anthropology Museum, Mexico City, Mexico (exhibited). Registration:  6-88 Provenance:  Inside tomb 104, Monte Albán, Oaxaca. Measurements:  42 cm. Color:  Grey clay with traces of red paint. Chronology:  Peche 500 - 600 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Caso 1938: 76-85, figs. 101, 102; Caso & Bernal 1952: 101, 104, figs. 168, 168bis, 184 bis; Romero 1958: 183, plate XXXVI; Redmond 1983: 171, fig. 59 ; Winter 1990: 127-128, fig. 54; Flannery & Marcus 1996: 210, 212-214, fig. 246. Comments:  This piece was found behind the carved gravestone that sealed the tomb. It was placed at the feet of the dead looking South. On both sides of the piece, there were four vessels, smaller and plain. In his work of 1938, Caso called this vessel Pitao Cozobi (God of Corn). Tomb 104 was excavated by Caso in 1937 and dated IIIA-IIIB. In my opinion, it represents a high-ranking figure, acting as a priest. As a note of interest, this piece was removed from the tomb by the then President of the Mexican Republic, Lázaro Cárdenas. Glyphs:  The mask and tied hair correspond to glyph Ñ. Two glyphs 109 in the headdress.

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Key:  MCO 2862 Actual Location:  Museum of Cultures of Oaxaca, City of Oaxaca, Mexico (exhibited). Registration:  2862 Provenance:  In front of the entrance to tomb 7, Monte Albán, Oaxaca. Measurements:  aprox. 60 cm. Color:  Grey clay. Chronology:  Xoo 600 - 800 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Caso 1932a: 19-20, fig. 32; Caso, 1932b: 466-467; Caso 1969: 43; Caso & Bernal 1952: 44, figs. a, b, c; Bernal 1979: 144, fig. 52. Comments:  This piece was found with another equal piece flanking a central piece. Caso and Bernal (1952: 46) identified them as Cocijos ("clearly identified as Gods of Corn"). Tomb 7 was excavated by Caso during the first PMA I period (1931-1932). The three pieces were found broken and, according to Caso, the position of the fragments demonstrated that the break had been intentional and that, after doing this, the pieces had been buried (Caso 1932a: 20). Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress flanked by two ears of corn.

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Key:  SLAM 114:1980 Actual Location:  Saint Louis Art Museum, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States. Collection:  Valetta Malinowska; Morton D. May. Registration:  114:1980 / former loan no. 68.449 Provenance:  Unknown Measurements:  35 x 28.7 x 20.3 dia. Color:  Beige clay with traces of red pigment. Chronology:  MA IIIB (Parsons 1980: 148); Peche 500 - 600 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Photo from Shaplin's files; Parsons 1980: 148, fig. 227; Winter 1994a: 154. Glyphs:  The glyph for "corn field" as pectoral. Dating:  Shaplin and Zimmerman 1978, TL no. 27 (380 rads, authentic).

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Key:  SLAM 238.1978 Actual Location:  Saint Louis Art Museum, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States. Collection:  Bill Pearson (Los Angeles); Morton D. May. Registration:  238:1978 / former loan number 1967.160 Provenance:  Unknown Measurements:  54 x 52 x 26 dia. cm. Color:  Red clay. Chronology:  MA IIIB (Parsons 1980: 140); Peche 500 - 600 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Photo from Shaplin's files; Parsons 1980: 139, fig. 212. Comments:  According to Parsons, this piece has been repaired and he believes that the pot is a substitution of the original. Fragments of the volutes that came out of the pot can be seen in the arms. Traces of an ear of corn can be observed in the headdress. Dating:  Shaplin and Zimmerman 1978, TL no. 49 (220 rads, authentic).

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Key:  MFR 4279 Actual Location:  Frissell Museum, Mitla, Mexico. Collection:  Ervin Frissell Registration:  MFR 4279 / INAH 2815 Provenance:  Zaachila, Oaxaca. Measurements:  10.8 x 9 cm. Color:  Reddish brown. Chronology:  MA IIIB (Boos 1966b: 15) MA IIIB-IV Paddock (MFR card); Xoo 600 - 800 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Boos 1966b: 15, Boos 1968a: vol. III, plate XII; Eubanks 1999: 133, fig. 107. Comments:  Pot with two pouring handles. This piece is similar to other vessels with double pouring handles and Cocijo face, but, in this case, the handles have the shape of ears of corn. Compare with MNA 6-682 and MNA 6-6708. Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress flanked by two ears of corn.

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Key:  EMB 28354 Actual Location:  Ethnographic Museum (Ethnologisches Museum), Berlin, Germany. Collection:  Edward Seler 1897 Registration:  IV Ca. 28354 Provenance:  Yatzechi, Oaxaca. Measurements:  21.9 x 12 dia. cm. Color:  Grey clay with traces of a lighter grey paint. Chronology:  MA V (Eubanks 1999: 148); Late Xoo 600 - 800 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Fuhrmann 1922: plate 65; Boos 1968: 2; Schuler-Schömig 1970: 87, plate 117; Mongne 1987: 39 (drawing); Eubanks 1999: 147-148, fig. 119; Deimal and Ruhnau 2000: 18; Sellen 2002: 14, fig. 12a (drawing). Comments:  Mongne (1987: 39) published this piece as an example of forgery, but thanks to the TL test (Goedicke et al, 1992), we know it is authentic. There is a very similar piece at the British Museum of London (see BM1964/AM 19/6). The ear of corn is a representation of the virile member pierced by a cord in an act of ritual bleeding (cf. Sellen 2002: 14). Also see MFVW 274 for another human figure holding a blood letting cord in his hand. Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress. The broken part of glyph C has been repaired. Dating:  TL by Goedicke et al. 1992: 71, test 117, authentic (TL's date: 1144-1272 AD).

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Key:  BM 1946/AM 19/6 Actual Location:  British Museum, London, England. Collection:  Vice-Earl of Cowdray Registration:  No. 1946/AM 19/6 Provenance:  Cuicatlán, Oaxaca Measurements:  24 cm. Color:  Grey clay with shades of yellow. Reference:  Boos 1968: 3. Comments:  This piece is almost like one that is at the Ethnographic Museum in Berlin, Germany (EMB 28354). The ear of corn is a representation of the virile member pierced by a cord in an act of ritual bleeding (cf. Sellen 2002: 14). Also see MFVW 274 for another human figure holding a blood letting cord in his hand. Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress.

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Key:  MFVV 55.158 Actual Location:  Museum für Völkerkunde, Vienna, Austria. Collection:  Edward Seler Registration:  55.158 Provenance:  Santa María Atzompa, Oaxaca. Measurements:  102.5 x 95 cm. (!) ; Boos da otras medidas 41 x 38 cm. Color:  Traces of red paint. The face is painted in blue. Chronology:  MA IIIB (Winter 1994a: 150); Pitao 350 - 500 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Seler 1960: plate 17; Bernal 1966: 81, fig. 1; Boos 1966b: 73, fig. 52; Winter 1994a: 150. Comments:  For other examples, see MNA 6-635, cm.A 44.78, EMB 24882, MDO 32 and MFR s/n 1. For an analysis of this type, see Sellen 2002: 9. Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress. Cocijo mask (glyph M) flanked by two ears of corn.

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Key:  EMB 38471 Actual Location:  Ethnographic Museum (Ethnologisches Museum), Berlin, Germany. Collection:  Walter Lehmann (donated to the EMB in 1909). Registration:  IV Ca. 38471 Provenance:  Unknown Measurements:  10.5 x 10.5 cm. Color:  Grey clay Chronology:  Late MA IIIB-IV (Winter 1994: 159); Xoo 600 - 800 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Schuler-Schömig 1970: 116, plate 79; Winter 1994a: 159. Comments:  A bat's head combined with a bat's claw. Glyphs:  Epsilon or "blood" glyph in the corners of the mouth. It has two coefficient-5 bars in the eyebrows (10 epsilon?). Dating:  TL by Goedicke et al. 1992: 70, test # 79: authentic (undated).

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Key:  MDO 33 Actual Location:  Dolores Olmedo Museum, Mexico City, Mexico (exhibited). Collection:  Fernando Sologuren; Armilia Van Rijn (195?-1964); Dolores Olmedo Patiño (presently). Registration:  Record from the National Anthropology and History Institute (INAH), P.F. 100, LO 33 Provenance:  Etla, Oaxaca, according to an undated foto by Rickards. Measurements:  63 x 48.5 cm. Color:  Dark grey clay Chronology:  MA IIIA (Boos 1966b: 390); Pitao 350 - 500 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Photo from Rickards, circa 1911 (document by Jorge Rickards); Caso and Bernal 1952: 209, fig. 346; Boos 1966b: 390, fig. 360a and b; Anton and Dockstader 1969: 45. Comments:  This piece was probably found by Fernando Sologuren at the beginning of the last century. In 1928, Caso and Bernal (1952: 97) took pictures of the piece when it was at Mercedes Sologuren's house. At the beginning of the 1950s, the piece went to Machilda Armilia Van Rijn and then, in 1964, it was acquired by Dolores Olmedo Patiño (personal communication with Patricia Van Rijn, 1999). For a similar Etla style of this period compare it with MDO 32 and MFR 12619. Glyphs:  Glyph E "Xoo" reproduced several times in the headdress. The headdress mask corresponds to glyph U. Above the mask's nose, a jaguar's head can be seen and, above it, the glyph for corn.

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Key:  MDO 32 Actual Location:  Dolores Olmedo Museum, Mexico City, México (exhibited). Collection:  Fernando Sologuren; Armilia Van Rijn (195?-1964); Dolores Olmedo Patiño (presently). Registration:  Record from the National Anthropology and History Institute (INAH) , P.F. 100, LO 32 Provenance:  Probably Etla, Oaxaca Measurements:  51 x 46 cm. Color:  Dark grey clay Chronology:  Pitao 350 - 500 AD   Click to view Chronology Reference:  Caso & Bernal 1952: 98, fig. 163; Boos 1966b: 65; 50-peso bill circa 1973; Eubanks 1999: 137-138, fig. 110; Sellen 2002: 9, fig. 5e y 11, fig. 8. Comments:  This piece was probably found by Fernando Sologuren at the beginning of last century. In 1928, Caso and Bernal (1952: 97) took pictures of the piece when it was at Mercedes Sologuren's house. At the beginning of the 1950s, the piece went to Machida Armilia Van Rijn and then, in 1964, it was acquired by Dolores Olmedo Patiño (personal communication Patricia Van Rijn, 1999). For other types, see MNA 6-635, cm.A 44.78, MFVV 55.158, EMB 24882 and MFR s/n 1. For an analysis of this type, see Sellen 2002: 9. For the same Etla style, see MDO 33 and MFR 12619. Glyphs:  Glyph C in the headdress flanked by two glyphs of small plants and then, two glyphs for corn. The figure in the headdress corresponds to the Cocijo (glyph M).

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