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MAYA HIEROGLYPH DICTIONARY
Peter Mathews and Péter Bíró
Drawings by John Montgomery |
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| b'a |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | syl. syllabic sign / signo sillábico |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'a |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 501/757 |
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| b'ah |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. face, self, image, first / cara, su mismo/misma, imagen, primero/primera |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH | | | (2) B'AH-hi | | | (3) b'a-hi | | | (4) B'AH-ji |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757 | | | (2) 757-60/(60-528) | | | (3) 501-60/(60-528) | | | (4) 757-136 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aah | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 | | b'aah | | Stuart 2005 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Mayan | *b'Ah | Brown and Wichmann 2004 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'aah | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Cholan | *b'ah | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'ah | | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. gopher / ardillón |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH | | | (2) B'AH-hi |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757 | | | (2) 757-60 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'aah | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | #b'aah | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Mayan | *b'a'h | Brown and Wichmann 2004 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'aah | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Cholan | *b'ah | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'ah ajaw | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nc. head lord, first lord / primer señor, señor principal |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-AJAW |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 758-168/(168-518)/533/747/1000d |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aah ajaw | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ah che'b' | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nc. first painter/brusher / pintor principal |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-che-b'u |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 758-145-21 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aah che'e[h]b' | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ah ch'o | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. gopher rat / ardillón de rata |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'a-ch'o |
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| b'ah lom sajal | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nc. first spear sajal / sajal de primer lanza |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-lo-mu-sa-ja-la |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 758-580-19-630-181-178 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aah lo'm sajal | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ah pakal | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nc. first shield (wielder?) / escudero principal |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-pa-ka-la |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-586-25-178 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aah pakal | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ah sajal | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nc. first sajal / primer sajal |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-sa-ja-la |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-630-181-178 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aah sajal | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ah te' | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. b'ah te' (the first [with the staff? or spear?-elite title) / b'ah te' (el primero con la bastón? o lanza?-título elite) |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-TE' | | | (2) b'a-TE' | | | (3) b'a-TE'-e |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-87 | | | (2) 501-87 | | | (3) 501-87-542 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'aah te' | | Stuart 2005 | | #b'aah te' | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ah tok' | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. first dart (lord) / (señor) primero de pedernal |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-TOK' | | | (2) B'AH-to-k'a |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-257 | | | (2) 757-(44-563b)-669 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aah to[o]'k' | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ah uxul | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nc. first carver / escultor principal |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-u-xu-lu |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-1-758-568 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aah uxul | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ahij | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. image / imagen |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-ja | | | (2) B'AH-hi-ja | | | (3) b'a-hi-ja |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-181 | | | (2) 757-60-181 | | | (3) 501-(60-528)-181 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'ahiij | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 | | b'ahaj | | Zender 2004b |
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| b'ahil | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. portrait / imagen |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-li | | | (2) b'a-hi-li |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-24 | | | (2) 501-(60-528)-24 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aahil | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ahis | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nd. head / cabeza |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-si |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-57 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aahis | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 | | b'aahis | | Zender 2004b |
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| b'ahkab' |  | | | (2) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. b'akab' (the first on earth, title of kingsand queens) / b'akab' (el primero en la tierra, título de reyes y mujeres elites) |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AH-ka-b'a | | | (2) b'a-ka-b'a | | | (3) b'a-KAB' |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 757-25/738-501 | | | (2) 501-25/738-501 | | | (3) 501-526 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'aahkab' | | Stuart 2005 | | #b'aahkab' | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Mayan | *b'Ah kab' | Brown and Wichmann 2004 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'aah kab' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Cholan | *b'ah kab' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'ak |   | | | (1) (3) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. captive / cautivo |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AK | | | (2) B'AK-ki | | | (3) b'a-ki | | | (4) B'AK-ka |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 570 | | | (2) 570-102 | | | (3) 501-102 | | | (4) 570-25 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'aak, b'ak | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 | | b'aak, b'ak | | Stuart 2005 |
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| b'ak | | | | (1) (3) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. bone / hueso |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AK | | | (2) B'AK-ki | | | (3) b'a-ki |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 570 | | | (2) 570-102 | | | (3) 501-102 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'aak | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 | | b'aak | | Stuart 2005 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Mayan | *b'aaq | Brown and Wichmann 2004 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'aaq | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Cholan | *b'ak | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'ak | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. child / niño |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'a-ku |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 501-528 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'a'k | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'akel | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nd. bone (of the body) / hueso (del cuerpo) |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AK-ke-la | | | (2) B'AK-le | | | (3) b'a-ke-le |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 570-220-178 | | | (2) 570-188 | | | (3) 501--220-188 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'aakeel, b'aakel | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | b'aake'l, b'aakel | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'akVl | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nd. abundance of herons, / abundancia de garzas |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AK-la |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 570-178 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'a[h]k[ii]l, b'a[h]k[u'u]l | | Lacadena and Wichmann n.d. | | b'aakal | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 |
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| b'akwaj | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | pa. he/she/it is/was captured / el/ella/lo es/fue capturado(a) |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'AK-wa-ja |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 570-130-181 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aakwaj | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'alam |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. jaguar |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ALAM | | | (2) B'ALAM-ma | | | (3) b'a-B'ALAM | | | (4) b'a-la-ma | | | (5) b'a-B'ALAM-ma |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 751 | | | (2) 751-74 | | | (3) 501-751 | | | (4) 501-534-501 | | | (5) 501-751-74 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'a[h]lam | | Lacadena and Wichman 2004 | | b'ahlam | | Stuart 2005 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'ahläm | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'ahlam | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'alun | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | num. nine / nueve |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ALUN |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'alu'n | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'olon | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'eleng-eeb' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'alun ip- | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | vp. banish (a soul)? / desterrar (un espíritu)? |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ALUN?-i-pi |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) nn-679-177 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'alu'n?ip- | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'alun iplaj | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | vp. he/she banishes / el/ella destierra |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ALUN-i-pi-la-ja |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) nn-679-177-178-181 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'alu'n iplaj | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'alun ipnaj | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | pa. he/she is/was many times diminished / el/ella es/fue muchas veces disminuido/a |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ALUN-i-pi-na-ja |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) mm-679-200/177-23-181 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | # b'alu'n ipnaj | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'alunlajun | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | num. nineteen / diecinueve |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ALUN-[LAJUN] |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'aluun lajuun | | Houton, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | #b'alu'n laju'n | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'olon läjun | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'eleng-eeb' laajuung | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'an | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | pr. oneself, alone / sólo mismo, solo |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'a-ni |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 501-116 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'aan | | Grube, Lacadena and Martin 2003 |
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| b'atz' |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. howler monkey / zarahuato, mono aullador |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'a-tz'u |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 501-608 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'aatz' | | Stuart 2005 | | b'a'tz' | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Mayan | *b'a?tz' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'aa'tz' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Cholan | *b'atz' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'e | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | syl. syllabic sign / signo sillábico |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'e |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) nn |
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| b'i |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | syl. syllabic sign / signo sillábico |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'i |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 301/585/(585-764) |
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| b'ih | | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. road / ruta |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'i | | | (2) b'i-hi |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 585 | | | (2) 585-60 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'ih | | Stuart 2005 | | #b'ih | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Mayan | *b'Eh | Brown and Wichmann 2004 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'eeh | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Cholan | *b'ih | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'ihtun | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | nc. road, prepared surface / ruta, superficie preparada |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'i-TUN-ni |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 585-528-116 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'ihtuun | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | #b'ihtuun | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Mayan | *b'Eh toohng | Brown and Wichmann 2004 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'eeh toong | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Cholan | *b'ihtun | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| B'ital | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. B'ital (Naranjo area toponym) / B'ital (topónimo del área de Naranjo) |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'i-TAL-la | | | (2) b'i-ta-la |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 585-274-178 | | | (2) 585-565-178 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'ital | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | #b'ital | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'ixVn | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | vi. go away / irse |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) BIX-na | | | (2) BIX-ni | | | (3) BIX-ni-ya |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) nn-23 | | | (2) nn-116 | | | (3) nn-116-125 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'ix-Vn | | Stuart 2005 |
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| b'o |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | syl. syllabic sign / signo sillábico |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'o |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 519 |
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| b'ob' | | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. coyote / coyote |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'o-b'o |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 519-519 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'o[h]b' | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 | | b'ob' (as flower) | | Stuart 2005 |
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| b'oj | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | vt. nail / clavar |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'o-ja |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 519-181 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'o[h]jaj | | #Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'oj | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'aj | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'u |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | syl. syllabic sign / signo sillábico |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'u |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 21/(21+nn) |
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| b'ub'ul | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | adj. frothy / espumoso |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'u-lu | | | (2) b'u-b'u-lu |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 21-568 | | | (2) 21-21-568 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'ub'ul | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | #b'ub'ul | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'u(h)b' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'ub'ul ha' | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. water insect / insecto de agua |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) bu-lu-HA' | | | (2) b'u-b'u-lu-HA' |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'ub'ul ha' | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | #b'ub'ul ha' | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'uch | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | vp. be seated / estar sentado(a) |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'u-B'UCH |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 21-nn |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'uch | | Lacadena and Wichmann |
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| b'uk |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. clothing, clothes / blusa, ropa, vestido |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'u-ku |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 21-528 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'uk | | Stuart 2005 | | b'u[h]k | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'uhk | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Mayan | *b'uq' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| B'uktun | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. B'uktun (Yaxchilan area toponym) / B'uktun (topónimo del area de Yaxchilan) |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'u-ku-TUN-ni |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 21-528-528-116 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | B'uktuun | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | #B'u[h]ktuun | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Ch'olan | *b'uhk tun | Kaufman and Norman 1984 | | Proto-Maya | b'uq' toong | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'ul |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | n. bean / frijol |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'u-la |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 21-534 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'u'[u]l | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 | | buul | | Stuart 2005 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'u?ul | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'ulay? | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. small jaguar / jaguar pequeño |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ULAY? | | | (2) B'ULAY?-la-yu | | | (3) b'u?-la-yi |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 832v | | | (2) 832v-534-61/62 | | | (3) 519?-534-17 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | #b'ula'y?, #bulaay? | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'uluch? | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | num. eleven / once |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ULUCH? |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'uluch? | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | #b'uluch | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'uluch | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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| b'uluk |  | | | (1) |
| | Meaning(s): | num. eleven / once |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) B'ULUK | | | (2) [b'u]-lu-ku |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'uluk | | Houston, Stuart and Robertson 1998 | | b'uluk | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
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| b'utz' | | | | |
| | Meaning(s): | n. smoke / humo |
| | Hieroglyphic Spelling(s): | (1) b'u-tz'a |
| | Thompson Number(s): | (1) 21-68 |
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| Narrow Transcription(s): | b'uutz' | | Stuart 2005 | | #b'u'tz | | Lacadena and Wichmann 2004 |
| | Linguistic Reconstruction: | Proto-Cholan | *b'utz' | Kaufman and Norman 1984 |
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